Debasis Q-1: on Electrode Manufacturers - Some elecrode manufacturers have developed special electrdodes . Kobe steel is known to have developed one such electrode CMA-106 N for heavy walled pressure vessels made of low -alloy Cr-Mo steel. based on extensive research To answer your question : If J < 180 it is generally not susceptible for temper embrittlement. For weld metal - if P e is < 3 it can avoid embrittlement . I am not sure how such information will help a user for ordering filler wires or electrodes . To what extent such ordering information will serve a user in getting the desired results as "temper embrittlement" of low alloy Cr-Mo steel in hydro desulphurization reactor or in syn gas service in chemical / fertilizer service plants" is long term exposure effect phenomenon. Temper embrittlement occurs after prolonged exposures close to 450-480 deg centigrade over periods of > 50,000 hrs or 100,000 hrs or more. What type of guarantees any manufacturer can give or assure to a user - even if an ordering information specifies this as purchse clause ? From a practical stand point and common engineering application no manufacturer will stand guarantee for > 18 months from date of manufacture or 12 monhs from start of commissioning an equipment. Besides there are other factors which affect performance of heavy walled Cr-Mo low alloy steels - other than segregations or impurtiies but also considerations of operation and maintenance history of the plant to reduce the life. Q-2: For a practical user working in a petro-chemical plant, to me it appears that your question is more theoretical than practical use. To day, there are NDE techniques available to evaluate the effect of "temper embrittlement" - both NDE and in-situ micro-structural studies in low alloy steels. When today techniques are available to evaluate by NDE /micro studies why to think of destructive testing (FFP) of a low alloy Cr-Mo materials used for pressure vessels exposed to temperature in the range of 350-550 deg cent in petro chemical or fertilizer plants for > 50,000 - 100,000 hr service If you are interested to study literature, there are some basic books on Alloy Steels - Basic to understanding published by ASM and Damage mechanisms in low alloy steels - an excellent symposium collection of fundamental and practical application set of papers published by Viswanthan et al - again ASM publication ( i am not sure). Indira Gandhi Atomic Research Centre Kalpakkam have done also research studies on low alloy cr-mo steels - which may have theoretically interest for a user. Trust this will help you C.V.Srinivasan Nishi Engineers Pvt Ltd India June 10, 2007 E-mail: nishi@vsnl.com >P22, P11 material are susceptible to Temper Embrittlement >and thus "J" and "X" factors are given due consideration. >X-Bar factor per Bruscato's formula = (10P +5Sb +4Sn +As ) x >10 -2 and default value is 15X max. > >Q1. Whether Electrode/ Filler manufacturer gives due >consideration to this factor while manufacturing or >Purchaser has to put special clause in the Ordering >Information ? Please share your views. > >Q2. As temper embrittlement has no direct after effect with >T.S , Y.S , Hardness , %El but the impact props gets >severely reduced. Now how much cumulative "effect >temperature" exposure is required to affect the impact >values which can be foreseen without any destructive testing >for FFP. >regads